A performance based parametric model for facial animation

The authors present a parametric model for facial animation and a method for adapting it to a specific person. Every facial expression can be described as a contraction or relaxation of the facial muscles. P. Ekman and F.W. Friesen (1975) selected 44 Action Units corresponding to visual changes on the face, which cannot be decomposed into smaller ones and which combinations universally represent all facial expressions. Our model for facial animation is built on the basis of that Facial Action Coding System (FACS). The model adaptation is based on performance measurements of the subject's facial movements. Our model combines the advantages of parametric animation models such as wireframe model independency with the accuracy of face movements reproduction (cloning) obtained with performance driven models. The described model forms a part of the facial animation system that is currently under development at Delft University of Technology. A brief description of this system is also given.