Group Formation in Smart Learning Environment: A Literature Review

Smart learning environment (SLE) is a continuation of digital learning environment (DLE). SLE is an innovation to develop learning environments based on intelligent technology, methods and evaluation of learning. The meaning of SMART is self-control (learning attitude), learning motivation, adaptive, various learning resources, and the use of intelligent technology-based learning environment. The need for intelligent technology in SLE is based on 3 functional learning namely: group formation, individual learning or collaboration, and measurement of learning outcomes. This study focuses on the need for intelligent technology for group formation. The purpose of this study is to make a systematic Literature review (SLR) of the need for intelligent technology for group formation in a smart learning environment. Analysis of literature studies based on 22 research papers the need for intelligent technology for the group formation on smart learning from 2001 to 2018. The results of the literature study concluded that there were 3 (three) components of group formation, namely: member attribute (group member population), attribute group, and intelligence technique for group formation.