Designing for High-Voltage dc Grid Protection: Fault Clearing Strategies and Protection Algorithms

Protecting high-voltage (HV) DC grids requires a different approach compared with that of ac power system protection and poses one of the major challenges that must be resolved before the realization of largescale HVdc grids that use equipment from multiple vendors. HVdc grid protection, which is essential for safe and reliable HVdc grid operation, entails the appropriate detection and fault clearing of dc-side short circuit faults (i.e., dc faults). In this context, fault clearing refers to interrupting the dc fault current and isolating the faulted component.