Busy-Tone Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance and Detection for Ad-Hoc Networks

Busy-Tone Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance and Detection (BTMA/CAD) is introduced. BTMA/CAD integrates collision avoidance and collision detection mechanisms in ad-hoc networks of nodes with half-duplex radios by means of a single busy tone transmitted over an orthogonal narrowband channel. The throughput of BTMA/CAD is compared with that of Carrier-Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) and CSMA with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) using an analytical model. It is shown that BTMA/CAD is more efficient than CSMA and CSMA/CA in ad-hoc networks with hidden terminals.