Recent Development in Level 2 Charging System for xEV: A Review

As evident from technological superiority, internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEVs) are best supplemented by the electrification of the vehicle fleet as far as energy efficiency and environmental problems are concerned. However, they could not be widely accepted due to their extensive charging requirement. The commercialization and faster implementation of green technology i.e. plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs), through the fast, economical and reliable EV charger infrastructure i.e., electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) deployment could mitigate the problem. The state of the art for level 2 charging system is presented in this review paper for EVs and viable solution, standards and characteristics accessible from the previous literature for smart grid operation with complete safety and protection. Also, the manuscript summarizes a comprehensive view of the socio-economic aspect, current status, power market and safety and control measures of EVSE to consider the marketability of Level 2 EV charging system. The subject matter is very suitable to the scholars, investors and industry personals in this field providing data on significant standards and characteristics of EV charging scheme and can be cited as a ready reference on further EV charging literature.