The Interplay of Transmission and Distribution Systems with a High Penetration of PV-based DERs

Achieving the right balance between centralized and distributed energy resources (DERs) is key in increasing sustainability, resiliency and energy security. As DERs continue to proliferate, more complete models will be required to study the dynamic interactions between the electric power transmission and distribution systems. To address this need, results from a study are presented concerning the new supporting role of large, fossil-based generators in a power system with an increased level of renewable energy (distributed in particular). This work considers the transmission and distribution system interplay and it contributes to the establishment of fair and transparent operational and regulatory criteria to ensure sustainability and resiliency in power grids with increased levels of renewable energy penetration.