Frequency control in micro grid system using solar, wind, fuel cell and biomass energy

This paper describes a frequency control technique for the combination of solar cells, Horizontal Wind Turbine (HWT), Vertical Wind Turbine (VWT), Fuel cells (FC), Bio-gas generator (BGG) and Electrolyzer systems in a micro grid. The fuel cell and electrolyzer system depends on each other and functionally interrelated. Fuel cell is an electrochemical device which produces electricity without combustion by combining H2 and O2 gas. It’s function is to produce electricity and makes plenty of water as a by-product which is recyclable. These water and stored water (e.g., rain water) are used by electrolyzer. It’s function is to produce pure hydrogen and oxygen gas cracking water molecules by dint of electricity. H2 gas is stored to keep active fuel cell and fresh O2 gas is released to the environment in order to keep balanced. The frequency control system is dependent on the fluctuating of loads. Whenever the load demand rises high then the fuel cell will be on and when the load demand falls down the fuel cell will be turned off and thus electrolyzing process will be on. The BGG will always keep the frequency of the micro grid balanced. In daytime, solar cells which remain active but in night period, the three energy sources are kept back-to-back. The overall frequency control technique is simulated by using detailed algorithm of solar cells, wind turbine, electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank.