Recents Designs of Ultra Wide Band Antennas using Fractal Geometry: A Review

In this article we present a study of different models with fractal geometry implemented in Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) antennas design. With different methods and geometric variants applied to this type of antennas, frequency ranges between 1-20GHz are obtained, generating an efficiency greater than 90% in its operating band, considering the variation of different parameters such as iterations, shape, slots, among other things; Bandwidths greater than 15GHz have been achieved, this has generated a wide range of applications for fractal antennas. An analysis was carried out based on the similarity of the models, the operating ranges, and the constructive characteristics, with the aim of improving bandwidth, efficiency, and radiation properties, generating options that will serve as a starting point for the development and design of antennas in the future.