Measurement, Simulation and Modeling in the Tunnel Channel with Human Bodies at 6 GHz for 5G Wireless Communication System

This paper presents the propagation measurements and statistical channel model parameters at 6 GHz in the tunnel channel with human bodies for fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems. The propagation characteristics in the tunnel environments with human bodies and with no human body are analyzed based on the method of shooting and bouncing ray tracing/image (SBR/IM). Propagation characteristics, including path loss models, root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread, and received power are investigated. Moreover, path loss models and received power models are established for the tunnel channel. Results show that the measured path loss exponent (PLE) and simulated PLE are 1.72 and 1.66 with no human body scenario, respectively. Whereas the measured PLE and simulated PLE are 1.90 and 1.85 with human bodies scenario, respectively. Specially, the normal distribution provides good fits to the RMS delay spread. The statistics of channel parameters are useful for prediction of human body attenuation for 5G communication system development and deployment.