Dynamic Load Management Framework for Off-Grid Base Stations with Hybrid Power Supply

Owing to the technological revolution of widespread internet access telecom industries are expanding rapidly to cope up with up trending user demand. As a consequence, the vast amount of energy consumed by the cellular networks has become a great concern from an economic and environmental perspective. The ever-increasing energy demand has received a considerable attention about the future energy availability and associated costs due to the limited fuel energy sources. This study examined the feasibility of hybrid PV/DG system to powering the off-grid BSs in a remote area of Bangladesh aiming to diminish the sole dependency on fuel energy source as well as minimize the pollution rate. The proposed system has been extensively analyzed focusing on the major key aspects: energy status, economic status and environmental status for both dynamic and peak traffic varying transmission bandwidth (BW). Simulation results exhibit that the proposed system under dynamic traffic distribution inherently reduces the diesel consumption thoroughly maximizing renewable energy utilization. After that, this paper compares the performance parameters of the proposed system with the standalone DG considering the dynamic and peak load for different bandwidth. The proposed system has the potential to reduces the electricity generation cost and greenhouse gas emission (GHG) emissions about 5.3 % and 98% respectively over the standalone DG system.