Small Size Inverters: Development Challenges for PV, Renewable Energy Applications, as Well IoT, EMC, Lightning and Robustness Tradeoffs

This work discusses the main design issues for small size inverters (implemented as micro and mini inverters) as an alternative approach to the central inverter targeted for small to medium size photovoltaic (PV) applications. Topological and architectural aspects besides the cost are discussed based on the current markets and manufacturers products. With the natural technology advancement, including newer semiconductor switches and smart power integrated circuits (ICs), a compromise between the topology and cost will define how new products will become more competitive, as a single or a multiple module micro inverter. This scenario gives to its advantages yet in comparison with central approach, considering technical/cost gap reduction due to this technology advancement. Modern electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), robustness and lightning tradeoffs that always have heavy impact on development, as well as newer Internet of Things (IoT) implementation needs are discussed also in order to stabilize a development road map to near future.