Energy Efficient Multi-Hop Heed-Based Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

The use of wireless sensor networks to connect sensors (and other devices) is usually conditioned by achieving an energyefficient wireless transmission. For the large-scale networks the usage of energy-efficient multi-hop routing protocols is often considered, while for the applications that demand continuous data collection the hierarchical routing protocols are needed to achieve a reliable and energy efficient communication. This paper discusses previously proposed layered hierarchical network architecture, and proposes new HEED-based clustering protocol adapted for the assumed layered architecture and the requirement of high network connectivity in order to achieve low packet loss due to non-ideal connectivity. The conducted numerical analysis showed the high performance of the proposed multi-hop solution.