Introduction to the Technologies of the Ecosystem of the Internet of Things

By presenting the elements related to the context, the architecture and the protocols of the world of connected objects (CO), this chapter highlights the major scientific problems to be solved: precise identification of each object in a network, standardization and normalization of data transfer protocols, machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communication, encryption and security, legal status, and architectures of the Internet of Things (IoT). In March 2015, the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) committe edited the RFC 7452. It contains specifications dealing with the different conceivable architectures for the IoT. A large number of groups have embarked on the development of a standard architecture for the IoT. The three‐tier architecture for IoT is developed by the IEEE P2413 task force. The architecture is made up of three levels as follows: applications; cloud computing; and sensor networks. The IoT development is fragmented by businesses who are constructing proprietary models, to the detriment of interoperability between COs from other manufacturers.