Conducting artificial enzymatic nanocubes based electronic sensor for simultaneous detection of hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin in diabetic patients

Artificial enzymes are man-made enzymes which mimics the natural enzymes and can be use in various biomedical applications. In this paper, nanocubes shape conducting artificial enzymes modified flexible electrochemical sensor was fabricated for simultaneous sensing of glycated hemoglobin and hemoglobin where percentage of glycated hemoglobin is proven gold biomarker for diabetes. The simultaneous electrochemical sensing of hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin is achieved using conducting artificial enzymatic nanocube based flexible carbon paste aluminium foil. Here, conducting artificial enzymatic nanocubes are prepared by molecular imprinting technology which promoted the fast kinetics of redox process and low detection limit of both hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin with linear response of concentrations. The characteristic well define symmetrical separate peaks for both hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin was obtained in aqueous and human blood samples. This novel cheap flexible sensor with remarkable dual selectivity and sensitivity could be used to determine hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin at ultra-trace level in diabetic patient blood sample with 0.07 μM and 0.09 μM detection limit. Thus proposed flexible sensor can be a smart wearable sensor for diabetic monitoring.