A Biased Min-Consensus-Based Approach for Optimal Power Transaction in Multi-Energy-Router Systems

The advent of distributed energy resources encourages the direct energy transaction among grid subscribers, who may play interchangeable roles as energy producers and consumers (prosumers). Since microgrids integrated with distributed energy resources (DERs) can offer diverse options, it is desirable to design a proper energy transaction protocol to minimize the cost of prosumers. This paper proposes a discrete biased min-consensus algorithm to discover the best supply candidate with minimum power loss. The proposed discrete approach is implemented based on the multi-energy-router system (MERS) by performing three types of consensus-based algorithms in a distributed manner. Major procedures include demand request broadcasting, transmission power loss calculation, and the optimal routing discovery. The convergence of the proposed discrete approach is proved by rigorous mathematical analysis. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed discrete approach for both smalland large-scale systems.