Ceramic GPS antenna for remote sensing

A high-permittivity ceramic substrate was used to reduce the microstrip antenna dimension on patch size as compared with conventional low-permittivity substrate. A lossy conductive patch was studied for broadening the bandwidth. Here, experiments of single feed circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna for Global Positioning System (GPS) applications are demonstrated. This miniature size of the antenna make it versatile for further application in remote sensing. Results of the Smith charts, axial ratios, and radiation patterns are measured and discussed.