Impact of dielectric and magnetic losses on the negative index characteristics of a chiral material with first-order sideband dispersion

Electromagnetic (EM) propagation in chiral materials under first-order dispersion is examined for negative indices under non-conductive losses. Three loss scenarios are considered, viz., dielectric (complex permittivity) losses; magnetic (complex permeability) losses; and a combination of both types of losses to investigate the overall impact of the losses on the emergence of negative index bands.