A General 3D Non-Stationary Twin-Cluster Model for Vehicle-to-Vehicle MIMO Channels

For the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)communication systems, most existing channel models only consider the mobile transmitter (MT) and mobile receiver (MR) moving along a straight line with constant velocities. Under some realistic environments, the MT and MR may experience changes both in their speeds and trajectories. In this paper, we proposed a general three dimensional (3D) non-stationary twin-cluster V2V channel model. The new model originates from the existing 3D geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs), but allows for not only 3D scattering environments but also 3D antenna arrays and 3D arbitrary trajectories of two terminals. Meanwhile, the extended time evolving algorithms of channel parameters, i.e., the path number, path delays, path powers, and angles of arrival and departure, are given and analyzed. Statistical properties such as spatial cross-correlation function (SCF), temporal correlation function (TCF), and Doppler power spectrum density (DPSD) are derived. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate that variations of the trajectory have a significant impact on the statistical properties of the channel model. Furthermore, the proposed channel model can be used as a basic framework for the future 3D non-stationary V2V channel modeling.