Virtual Synchronous Generator- A New Trend in Technology for Smart Grid Integration

In conventional power plants, synchronous machine plays an important role in maintaining grid stability. In distributed generation, generators have insufficient damping and rotating mass property as like real synchronous generator. The load is not constant in distributed generation and these load variation affects the gird. Hence the stability of system in case of synchronous machine gets least affected as compared to distributed generation. The stability problem of grid connected distributed generation can be solved by adding virtual inertia. This virtual inertia can be added to distribution generator by using power electronic inverter with control algorithm together with short term energy storage. When inverter with its control mechanism is used, it will act as a real synchronous generator such mechanism is called as Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG). This exhibits inertia and damping property similar to the real synchronous generator.Paper presents, a control strategy for VSG, which is based on voltage and frequency stability of the machine. A simulation model is designed in a MATLAB for the implementation of virtual synchronous generator so as to maintain stable grid frequency when subjected to a varying load. And also from simulation result it is observed that THD with VSG is less/minimum as compared to other system.