3-Level Approach to the Projects Planning

Projects exchange information, resources and energy with the external environment, are dissipative systems and possess the properties of an open and nonlinear system. This leads to a contradiction between the nature of the PMS and the main model, which is provided by existing project management methodologies. That is, the reason for the low probability of successful completion of projects is precisely the imperfection of existing project management methodologies. As a consequence, there arises an important scientific and technical problem in the methodological and applied aspects of increasing the likelihood of successful completion of projects begun. To solve it, the authors propose a three-level approach to project planning: consider the project as an open nonlinear system; estimate the probability of successful completion of projects in the phase space through the identification and evaluation of attractors of success, including in the early stages of the life cycle of the project; to choose methods of strategic management on the basis of the evolutionary approach that allow to achieve the area of global optimum of the multimodal target function of the successful completion of the project by the criterion of achievement; to change the methods of operational control in accordance with random disturbances and unforeseen changes in the external environment when planning the project.