Characterization and Simulation of Electromagnetic Beams Truncated by Finite Apertures in Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths

Despite the increasing efforts in studying non-diffracting optical beams, much less work has been done in the characterization and application of these beams for millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths. This is because, in order to generate these beams for long distances, large equipment and antennas are required. However, if shorter distances are considered (Fresnel region), interesting and useful diffraction-resistant beams can be generated with smaller antennas. In this paper, by using scalar and vectorial approaches, we obtain analytical solutions describing plane waves, Gauss, Bessel-Gauss, and Bessel beams truncated by circular apertures, for GHz and THz frequencies. Moreover, this work aims at characterizing, simulating, and commenting possible applications of such truncated beams.