SAR Tomography for Spatio-Temporal Inversion of Coherent Scatterers in Villages of Alpine Regions

Differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography allows separation of multiple coherent scatterers interfering in the same range-azimuth resolution cell as well as the estimation of the deformation parameters of each scatterer. In this way, the spatio-temporal tomographic inversion serves as a means to resolve the layover and simultaneously improve deformation sampling. Compared to metropolitan regions with several man-made structures, the prevalence of coherent scatterers in the villages of alpine regions is generally low, while at the same time layovers are widespread due to the ruggedness of the terrain. Moreover, the drastic height variations in the imaged scene necessitate height-dependent compensation of the atmospheric phase delay variations within the tomographic inversion. This paper addresses these concerns while performing experiments on an interferometric stack comprising 33 Cosmo-SkyMed strimap images acquired in the summers between 2008-13 over Matter Valley in the Swiss Alps. The results show improved deformation sampling along the layover-affected mountainside.