Improved Dynamic Performance and Hierarchical Energy Management of Microgrids With Energy Routing

In this paper, a hierarchical distributed energy management of multimicrogrids (MMGs) with energy routing is proposed. Existing control strategies for power sharing, transient performance, and economic-emission dispatch in microgrids with distributed generators (DGs) fall short in providing good dynamic performance. To address this issue, a hierarchical distributed optimization is proposed by using top–down approach, which decomposes original economic-emission dispatch of MMG scenario into individual microgrid (MG) and energy routing subproblems. Distributed electric vehicle charging, intermittent photovoltaic source, and battery energy storage system are incorporated in the optimization model. Using multiagent system model for DG, a dynamic performance controller (DPC) is proposed for each MG to achieve improved performance during transients. Convergence of optimization algorithm is proved using Lyapunov theory. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed DPC for economic-emission dispatch improves system performance significantly during either load or generator switching.