Advanced Magneto-Gas-Kinetic Scheme for MHD: Analysis and Comparison to Existing Models

The one- and two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations represent simplified plasma models wherein the plasma is assumed to be a fluid. These models are applicable in regimes where collisionality is high enough for a fluid representation to be valid. The distinction between using one- and two-fluid models lies mostly in the characteristic spatial and temporal scales of interest for a given problem.