Overview of Artifacts Detection and Elimination Methods for BCI Using EEG

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most commonly utilized method of mapping brain wave patterns from the scalp. It is a process of extracting electrical activities of the brain in the form of EEG signals using non-invasive methods. In EEG based techniques, a challenge exists in the form of signal contamination caused by internal and external factors in the recorded EEG signals., such as the artifacts, interferences among multiple EEG sources, and noise. Signal pre-processing is the most significant phase for EEG based applications, for instance, the brain computer interface (BCI) systems. This is because the quality of data acquired from the brain through EEG measurements is dependent on the effectiveness of artifact detection and removal methods. During EEG recording there are several factors that influence the quality of data. One of the factors of signal contamination occurs as the result of physiological and non-physiological artifacts. To detect and remove such contaminations from EEG signals, there are several efficient artifact detection and elimination techniques based on certain pre-processing methods. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate various types of artifacts in EEG recordings as results of external and internal factors. Furthermore, the study will also present an extensive review of existing artifacts identification and elimination methods applied on EEG signals.