Distribution System State Estimation: A bibliographical Survey

This paper presents a bibliographical survey of different methods used for state estimation in electric power distribution network. Since several decades state estimation techniques have been applied for real-time monitoring, control and protection for transmission network. However, the recent distribution networks are operated actively, so state estimation plays a crucial role in energy management system (EMS) for online monitoring and control of distribution network. Because of the special characteristics of distribution systems, some of the well established state estimation techniques applied in transmission system cannot be migrated directly to distribution level for state estimation. The distribution state estimation is the integral part of the Smart-grid. A survey on all those techniques used in distribution network is presented in this paper. The future direction of the DSSE is also presented.