Effect of the Building Materials Constituting the Envelope of an Apartment on its Energy Performance: Application to the Climate of Marrakesh

The main objective of this work is the improvement of energy efficiency in a residential building, taking into account the specificities of the climate of the considered site. The studied building is an apartment of social type, with an area of 55 m², it is the most accessible collective housing type in Morocco. The apartment is located in the city of Marrakesh, which is characterized by a semi-arid climate. For this study many variants have been proposed, which allow to make an appropriate choice of materials constituting the building envelope, in particular the roof and external walls, in order to ensure a better thermal comfort and to reduce the energy consumption of the building during winter and summer period. The numerical simulation is carried out using the code of dynamic thermal simulation TRNSYS.