The Clustering Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks: a Review

In order to collect important data from the surroundings and process it, the wireless sensor networks have been deployed within various applications. The collections of numerous small sized sensors which have batteries with less power are known as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The life time of WSN plays an important role. This is due to the fact that after the deployment of WSN s in certain applications, it is not possible to recharge or replace the power source that is limited energy due to inaccessibility of sensing nodes. Previously WSN s are considered to be of homogeneous type. There is similar energy, processing capability as well as working within all the nodes of the network. However, in order to enhance network life time researchers has developed heterogeneous WSN in which each node can have different parameters. The designing of energy efficient protocol is very important so that the lifetime of a network can be increased. In order to provide required amount of energy, LEACH is the first energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol which is applied while performing routing in the clusters.