PAS: A Fair Game-Driven DBA Scheme for XG-PON Systems

New generation passive optical networks (NG-PONs) are emerged as promising technologies for delivering bandwidth-demanding services in modern access networks. The 10-gigabit-capable passive optical network (XG-PON) standard has been proposed as a high-throughput architecture that realizes the Fiber-To-The-x (FTTx) paradigm, where x stands for curb (FTTC), building (FTTB) or home (FTTH). XG-PON is a powerful technology, capable of supporting 10 Gbit/s in the downstream and 2.5 Gbit/s in the upstream direction. However, in order to fully utilize the huge bandwidth in such technology, an efficient and fair bandwidth allocation scheme is required for adequately coordinating the transmission opportunities of the involved network entities based on their real bandwidth demands. A multitude of techniques and schemes have been presented over the last few years aiming at providing dynamic bandwidth distribution in PONs and NG-PONs systems. However, the vast majority of those techniques are based on heuristics. This paper develops a novel bandwidth distribution algorithm which is based on the tragedy of the commons theory, aiming at ensuring a fair bandwidth distribution among the Optical Network Units (ONUs) in a deployed XG-PON system. The algorithm is able to apply a balanced bandwidth distribution schedule amongst the connected ONUs, formed as players, aiming at ensuring a fair transmission opportunity arrangement in the upstream direction.