M-MEMHS: Modified Minimization of Error in Multihop System for Localization of Unknown Sensor Nodes

Localization of sensor nodes is one of the important issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The location of a node can be used as the location of the occurrence of an event. Error handling and scalability are key research issues that need to be taken care of while estimating the efficiency of any localization algorithm. In this paper, we propose an approach of error correction mechanism in addition to the minimization of error in multihop system (MEMHS) for the localization algorithm. The MEMHS algorithm deals with a scalable error correction of a multiliterate localization process using a few geographical positioning system enabled nodes. The MEMHS authors assumed that an error propagates linearly and is equal in any direction. In the present study, the authors show that an error propagates nonlinearly with respect to the hop count, and the magnitude of error (X-coordinate or Y-coordinate) depends on the direction of equator lines. This paper proposes a modified algorithm of MEMHS. Furthermore, an optimum deployment strategy is introduced so that maximum number of sensor nodes can be localized. By analyzing the proposed algorithm in comparison with the MEMHS algorithm, it is found that the proposed algorithm has a better performance in terms of error correction.