Development a New Array Factor Synthesizing Technique by Pattern Integration and Least Square Method

In this paper, a new method is developed to synthesis radiation pattern of an antenna array, which can be applied to a class of nonuniform, equally spaced linear array (ESLA) antennas. The new method is based on the integration of the desired pattern at specified intervals, which results in a system of linear equation with unknown excited element coefficients. Then, using a least square method (LSM) algorithm, the unknown values are obtained. The introduced method provides potential to be used for not only the desired patterns with a closed-form expression but also can be applied for beam shaping using the sampled data points of the required pattern at the specified angles. To verify the accuracy and the advantages of the proposed method, several examples are investigated, and the performances of the proposed method are compared with those obtained by the other popular synthesized techniques such as Woodward-Lawson and Fourier transform.