Multi-Channel Recycling Decisions of Electric Vehicle Battery Based on SD-Dynamic Game Model

Recycling of spent electric vehicle (EV) batteries has caused worldwide attention in practice and in literature. This study addresses the problem of spent EV battery collection through multi-channel i.e. automobile manufacturer, 4S shop, and third-party recycler. Specifically, considering many realistic fluctuating factors, we innovatively combine game theory and system dynamics (SD) to establish the SD-dynamic game model. Results show that the model is fully capable of describing the reality, the game equilibrium, and the evolution of the system.