Optimization of wireless sensor networks using Artificial Intelligence and Ant Colony Optimization for minimizing energy of network and increasing network lifetime

The energy consumption, packet loss and network lifetime are the major anxieties in wireless sensor networks. So to minimize the energy of network and to increase the network lifetime, ant colony optimization is proposed. The proposed algorithm concentrates on two parameters i.e. network lifetime and energy consumption. EAAR and ANTHOCNET protocols in Ant swarm algorithm are used to optimize the energy of overall network and to follow the shortest path to reach the destination. These protocols are also used to find the number of dead nodes due to which packet loss reduces and network lifetime improves. Finally, APTEEN with threshold energy finds the number of dead nodes by draining the threshold energy to 50 % and with maximum energy, a cluster head is selected. Comparison results of EAAR, ANTHOCNET, APTEEN, and APTEEN with threshold energy are analyzed in which proposed algorithm demonstrates preferable outcomes over APTEEN protocol where energy consumption is reduced from 90% to 60%.