Fog-assisted Congestion Avoidance Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

Recently, Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is getting growing interest because of their suitability for a wide range of emerging applications. Most of these applications require vehicles to continuously update their information to a centralized location in order to gain various services. However, frequent transmission of messages by an abundance number of vehicles may not only overwhelm a centralized server but also causes a huge congestion which might disrupt various services including emergency situations. The aim of this research is to minimize congestion and messaging delay. This paper presents a fog-assisted congestion avoidance scheme for IoV named Energy Efficient Message Dissemination (E
²
MD). To capitalize the merits of fog computing and minimize latency, E
²
MD opts a distributed approach by employing a fog server to complement services in IoVs. In E
²
MD, vehicles continuously update their status to a fog server either directly or through intermediate nodes. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated through NS 2.35 simulations. Simulation results confirm the performance supremacy of E
²
MD compared to contemporary schemes in terms of end-to-end delay and messaging cost.