Body Area Networks: Path Loss Modeling and Antenna Design

In this paper, a new approach of channel modeling and antenna design for a wireless Body area network (WBAN) is presented. To achieve this work, first a detailed analysis and modeling of the channel is developed including all physical parameters of the propagation medium and the intrinsic human body. The proposed model is based on the evaluation of the link budget and the path attenuation. Second, to complete the design, compact size rectangular patch antennas (RPA) with inset feed is presented for on-body communications. The antennas are printed on FR4 substrate at 2.4 GHz. The electromagnetic properties of antennas are fully characterized. Simulated radiation pattern, gain, and associated loss budget are also presented and discussed. The results of RPA simulations are in good agreement with the results of theoretical proposed model. Furthermore, since the antenna is implemented with low-cost and microstrip technology, it is a good candidate for WBAN and wireless mobile communication systems.