Evolutionary Dynamics of Two Communities Under Environmental Feedback

In this letter, we study the evolutionary dynamics of two different types of communities in an evolving environment. We model the dynamics using an evolutionary differential game consisting of two sub-games: 1) a game between two different communities and 2) a game between communities and the environment. Our interest is to clarify when the two communities and environment can coexist dynamically under the feedback from the changing environment. Mathematically speaking, we show that for specific game payoffs, the corresponding 3-D replicator dynamics induced by the evolutionary game have an infinite number of periodic orbits.