Wireless Sensor Development for Malaysian Forest Monitoring and Tracking System

Wildlife extinction has becomes the subject of attention recently due to decreasing statistical population number reported by the wildlife conservation organizations. Deforestation is one of the issues surrounding the loss of animal species in the wild. Malaysia had the world's highest rate of forest loss between 2000 and 2012, according to a new global forest map developed in partnership with Google Inc. In respond to this, a certain measure of control needs to be implemented to avoid further losses of forest and animal species from the wild. This paper describes the hardware development on real time monitoring and tracking system for Malaysian forest with the Internet of Things (IoT) implementation. The system comprises among others, the IR camera, GPS module, wireless XBEE module, Nano microcontroller and PIR sensor. The Cluster Tree network topology is formed with XBEE wireless module, to enable for data transmission over the long range and cover the unreachable network area. Thus, this paper will describe the hardware development of wireless sensor devices for Malaysian forest monitoring and tracking activities.