Control Performance Based Dynamic Regulation Reserve Allocation for Renewable Integrations

A sustainable power grid involves variable and uncertain generation, load and equipment availability. In order to ensure the frequency quality, power system needs to maintain sufficient reserve capacity to meet the demand and generation variations, and to withstand contingency events. To limit the operation risk to an acceptable level, an operation practice driven and control performance based reserve allocation method is proposed in this paper to determine adequate frequency regulation reserve in an island power system with increasing renewable integrations. Analyses of on-line available frequency regulation reserves and control performance data recorded in Energy Management System are conducted to appraise and manage the risk of non-compliance of frequency control standard. The proposed method is based on the conditional probabilities of reaching certain Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1) score under the availability of Automatic Generation Control ramping and droop response capability. Comparisons of estimated reserve requirements and expected performance of four dynamic reserve allocation schemes to comply with CPS1 are presented.