Cellular V2X Communications in Unlicensed Spectrum for 5G Networks

With the increasing demand for vehicular data transmission, limited dedicated cellular spectrum becomes a bottleneck to satisfy the requirements of cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) users. To address this issue, we study the coexistence problem between cellular V2X users and vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) users over the unlicensed spectrum. To facilitate the coexistence, we design an energy sensing based spectrum sharing scheme, where cellular V2X users are able to access the unlicensed channels fairly, thereby reducing the collisions of data transmission. In order to maximize the number of active cellular V2X users, we formulate the scheduling and resource allocation problem as a two-sided many-to-many matching with peer effects. A dynamic vehicle-resource matching algorithm (DV-RMA) is then proposed to solve this problem. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing approaches in supporting the massive connectivity.