MMCC-based current-mode fractional-order voltage-controlled oscillators

For the first time, use of multiplication-mode current conveyor (MMCC) to realize fractional-order, current-mode, voltage-controlled oscillators by utilizing a well-known state-variable oscillator synthesis method has been presented. Two exemplary fractional-order voltage-controlled oscillators (FO-VCO) as part finding of this search are presented here which are new and have feature of linear voltage control over the frequency of oscillations generated. The generalized features of the oscillators have been shown verified by MATLAB with numerous relevant plots. Also, FO-VCOs functionality has been validated by PSPICE simulation using the macro model of the MMCC developed involving SPICE macro models of off-the-shelf integrated circuits AD835 and AD844 from Analog Devices.