Sensor based solar tracker system using electronic circuits for moisture detection and auto-irrigation

In this study, we propose a simple but efficient, low-cost power efficient embedded system for solar based Off-Grid irrigation by orientation of the solar panel in the direction of the sun for providing the necessary power source in remote areas or in the field for irrigation where it is not possible to provide charge through a stable current supply. The solar panel is used for charging 5V supply. We have used Soil moisture sensor to sense the moisture conditions of the soil. Based on moisture sensor values, a water pump is connected to switched on and off automatically. When moisture level of the soil reaches to low, the soil moisture sensor is sending the signal to microcontroller to start the pump by using stored solar energy. At the same time, using GSM, microcontroller sends message on farmers mobile about pump status. The microcontroller receives the pump status, moisture condition of the soil and moisture and temperature in air or enclosed region and provides this information over a data acquisition device. The system can be utilized in varied domains by regulating the voltage necessary including mobile phone charging, access drip irrigation and also weather data monitoring and irrigation facilities.