Shape optimization of the multi-slot coaxial antenna for local hepatic heating during microwave ablation

Ablation is commonly used medical procedure for removal of liver tumors. It is minimally invasive technique that is based on the insertion of a thin needle antenna into malignant tissue and heating the region of interest by microwaves. The aim of this work is to optimize shape of a microwave antenna with 50-ohm feed and multiple air gaps. Fundamental sizes of cylindrical antenna should be changed, in particular dimensions of antenna slots and distances between them. Change of the geometry should be done in such a way as to obtain the best impedance matching of the antenna-tissue system. Therefore, S
₁₁
-scattering parameter will be used in the objective function. Importantly, the antenna operates at working frequency equal to 2.45 GHz.