Active power management of isolated renewable microgrid generating power from Rooftop solar arrays, sewage waters and solid urban wastes of a smart city using Salp swarm algorithm

This work is a maiden attempt to manage the active power of an isolated renewable microgrid with Rooftop solar arrays, Micro-hydro generator, Biomass fired combined heat and power, Aqua-electrolyzer, and Fuel cells, by optimized load frequency control using a recent Salp Swarm Algorithm. The effort has put on to propose the mathematical model of a renewable microgrid generating power from solar irradiances, urban solid wastes, and sewage waters of a smart city like Bhubaneswar, for a dual objective of power and waste management. The importance of choosing the above combination of resources for microgrid is the effective co-compensation with climatic changes between solar PV and micro-hydro units naturally. Since sufficient solar energy is available during summer, but the water potential reduced subsequently for micro-hydro power generation. In other hands, during monsoon, water potential is highly available as rainwater adds to the sewage, but there are insufficient sunrays for PV units. The Biomass-based CHP is considered to give support to microgrid during non-availability of solar energy. It becomes a great challenge to coordinate between generation and load demand efficiently with the considered sources of renewable energy due to their inherent dependency towards climatic variations. To overcome this issue, the responses of the system are studied for different scenarios of renewable sources availability and load changes for optimal frequency control. The proposed microgrid is simulated with MATLAB-Simulink for four different scenarios and the optimized responses are reported to be competent in maintaining power frequency within the acceptable limit.