A test stand for the experimental analysis of physical quantities during crash test at low speeds

The paper presents a test stand and a special control system with data acquisition for the experimental analysis of physical quantities during a vehicle crash test. The crash tests are carried out at low speed of a trolley with a dummy with various seat belts (from 2-point seat belts to multi-point seat belts). Particular elements of the test stand and the control system are characterized and the measuring apparatus is presented. The measuring apparatus allows to register and specify displacements of the parts of the dummy's body, the values of forces in the safety belts and the values of deceleration on individual parts of the dummy body. During the experimental investigations, the waveforms of forces in the 3-point hip and shoulder parts of the belt in the range of crash speed 15.54-17.48 km/h were determined. Using the approximation method, the empirical relationships between the value of crash speed and the values of forces in the seat belts were determined. The results showed that despite the low speeds, the values of forces between the dummy and the 3-point belts reach significant values of up to 5 kN with the dynamic increase rate of 30 kN/s.