Joint Energy Management and Interference Coordination With Max-Min Fairness in Ultra-Dense HetNets

Interference management and energy management are two important issues in ultra-dense heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets). However, load balancing investigated for system capacity on interference coordination is not efficient for energy saving in HetNets. Meanwhile, the maximum energy efficiency configuration leads to the serious unfair problem for users associated with larger power node for the ultra-dense scenario. Thus, in this paper, we investigate energy consumption jointly together with interference coordination for ultra-dense HetNets, and formulate max-min energy-efficient enhanced intercell interference coordination configuration problem. Due to the non-smooth and mixed programming nature of this formulation, we propose a novel iterative and distributed algorithm to solve the problem by using fractional programming and Lagrangian dual theory. The simulation results verified the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm and fairness achieved for energy efficiency of users, it especially identified a new energy efficiency tradeoff between macro user and small cell user with interference coordination in ultradense HetNets.