Smart ferroelectric materials for sensors and mechatronic device applications

Ferroelectric single crystals, ceramics, polymers and composites can convert changes in mechanical and thermal energies into electrical signals as well as exhibiting the converse effect. This dual functional ability enables them to sense changes in their environment and actuate a desired response, which allow them to be regarded as smart (or intelligent) materials. The present paper reviews the piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties, poling behavior and transducer properties of selected numbers of ferroelectric materials studied in our laboratory. These include PMN-PT single crystals, ceramic/polymer 1-3 composites, 0-3 nanocomposites and ferroelectric films prepared by various methods. The uses of these materials in sensor and mechatronic device applications are also discussed.