31 GHz path loss measurement and modeling for indoor/outdoor environments

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) propagation measurements were conducted at 31 GHz for outdoor and indoor environments using horn antennas of 54° half power beam width (HPBW) and 10 dBi gain, for both co-polarized and cross-polarized antenna configurations. The measurements were conducted in typical line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) environments in a large building on the University of South Carolina campus. Several propagation path loss (PL) models are presented based upon this collected data. As expected, the PLE showed a dependence on the presence or absence of LOS and on antenna polarization alignment, while cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) depends on LOS and antenna HPBW. A comparative analysis between our results with those in the literature shows good general agreement. The PL models presented in this paper may be of use in future outdoor and inbuilding wireless networks in this mmWave band.