Optimal load management of plug-in electric vehicles with demand side management in vehicle to grid application

Plug-in electric vehicle (PHEV) is emerging as most environmental friendly and widely used transportation system in developing countries. The integration of PHEV to existing grid infrastructure requires substantial modifications to be carried out in context of load scheduling, grid reliability, peak to average demand ratio (PAR) and energy cost. Recent studies are focussed to meet such requirements using multi-objective optimization methods. The optimization technique aims to minimize demand, energy cost and increase availability of PHEVs to charge or discharge by generating suitable scheduling vector. This paper proposes separate charging and discharging scheduling vector for fulfilling the utility aim to reduce PAR and also benefit the PHEV owner by reducing overall energy cost.