Adaptive S-grid: A new adaptive quorum-based power saving protocol for multi-hop ad hoc networks

Several adaptive quorum-based protocols are proposed for multi-hop ad hoc networks and all these methods have their pros and cons. The main drawback of many current adaptive quorum-based protocols is that they have defined some fixed thresholds. Therefore, nodes can change their quorum size based on network conditions, just when they reach these thresholds. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive quorum-based protocol, called adaptive stepped grid (AS-Grid), which is based on stepped-grid quorum-based system (S-Grid). In AS-Grid, nodes can increase their quorum size gradually based on network conditions and their remaining energy adaptively and there are no fix thresholds. We also derive the EQOS and the active ratio values for the AS-Grid(t X w), and we define an approach for nodes in a same network to change their system size based on network conditions and their remaining energy adaptively. We compare our results with the EQOS values of all the popular quorum systems by analysis. Analyses results show that the AS-Grid(t × w) has comparably high EQOS values and consequently better neighbor sensibility than the FPP, Grid, torus, ge-torus and S-Grid quorum systems.