Effect of Mixed Propagation Path on Electromagnetic Fields at Ground Surface Produced by Electrojet

The effect of a mixed propagation path on the ground-surface electromagnetic fields generated by an electrojet is evaluated. To this aim, the finite element method is used for two-dimensional modeling of the problem. Results are first obtained for the case of horizontally stratified ground and compared with those obtained by the use of the complex-image method. Then, the ground-surface electromagnetic fields are calculated for two types of the mixed propagation path, namely the vertically horizontally multilayer ground and the ocean-land propagation path. It is shown that such paths can affect the electromagnetic fields at the ground surface. This effect is more pronounced for the case of the ocean-land propagation path.